kaiv kaiv, a conjunction, and; the most frequent by far of all the particles in the N. T. (On its uses see Winer's Grammar, sec. 53, 3ff; Buttmann, 361 (310ff), and cf. Ellicott on ; on the difference between it and tev see under the word tev at the beginning)I. It serves as a copulative i. e. to connect (Latin et, atque, German und);1. it connects single words or terms: a. universally, as oiJ Farisai'oi kaiv Saddoukai'oi, ; oJ Qeov" kaiv pathvr, he who is God and Father (see Qeov", 3); ejn kardiva kalhv kaiv ajgaqhv, ; polumerw'" kaiv polutrovpw", ; it is repeated before single terms, to each of which its own force and weight is thus given: hJ uiJoqesiva kaiv hJ dovxa kaiv aiJ diaqh'kai kaiv hJ nomoqesiva kaiv hJ latreiva kaiv aiJ ejpaggelivait, ; aJtia kaiv diakaia kaiv ajgaqhv, ; add, ; ; ; , ; ; ; ; f; cf. Winer's Grammar, 519f (484). b. it connects numerals; and so that (contrary to the more common usage) the greater number precedes: devka kaiv ojktwv, , (but in both passages, L and Tr brackets, WH omits kaiv; Tdf. dekaoktwv), 16; tessaravkonta kaiv e{x, ; add, G T; ; cf. Winer's Grammar, sec. 37, 4; (Lightfoot on ; noteworthy also is its use in (cf. , the Septuagint) ejpiv stovmato" duvo martuvrwn kaiv triw'n (in h[ triw'n cf. Winer's Grammar, 440 (410) note) at the mouth of two witnesses and (should there be so many) of three; a similar use of kaiv, to lend a certain indefiniteness to the expression, occurs occasionally with other than numerical specifications, as shvmeron kaiv (R^st G; but L T Tr WH hJ) au[rion; cf. K?hner, sec. 521, 2; Ebeling, Lex. Homer, under the word, p. 614a). c. it joins to partitive words the general notion; so that it is equivalent to and in general, and in a word, in short: oJ Pevtro" kaiv oiJ ajpovstoloi, ; oiJ ajrcierei'" (kaiv oiJ presbuvteroi Rec.) kaiv tov sunevdrion o{lon, ; kaiv dikaiwvmasi sarkov", Rec. Tr brackets WH marginal reading; kaiv ejpiv tovn !Israhvl tou' Qeou', , and often in Greek writings; cf. Winer's Grammar, 437f (407); 520f (485); (Buttmann, 363 (311f); 400 (343)); with tev preceding, hJ tev ... aujtou' duvnami" kaiv qeiovth", (see tev, 2 a.); and, on the other hand, it joins to a general idea something particular, which is already comprised indeed in that general notion but by this form of expression is brought out more emphatically (which Strabo 8 (1), p. 340 calls sunkatalevgein tov mevro" tw'/ o{lw/); so that it is equivalent to and especially (cf. Winer's Grammar, as above): tav pavnta kaiv tav tw'n daimonizomevnwn, ; toi'" maqhtai'" aujtou' kaiv tw'/ Pevtrw/, ;